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James Porter (7th Cavalry)
James Ezekiel Porter (February 2, 1847-June 25, 1876) was one of General Custer's eleven officers killed at the Battle of Little Bighorn, also known as Custer's Last Stand, and Porter was among the first verified casualties of the historic battle alerting the world to the demise of Custer's group.〔Jerry L. Russell, ''1876 Facts About Custer & the Battle of the Little Big-Horn,'' (Da Capo Press, Oct 21, 1999) pg. 208〕 According to several historians, Porter led troops in a defensive action at the Little Bighorn.〔Thomas Hatch, Custer and the Battle of the Little Bighorn (McFarland & Co., 1997) Page 95〕〔Charles Kuhlman, ''Legend into History'' (Old Army Press, 1977) pg. 196,〕 Porter also served in the American South during the Reconstruction Era,〔Biographical register of the officers and graduates of the U.S ..., Volume 3 By George Washington Cullum, United States Military Academy. Association of Graduates , (Houghton, Mifflin, 1891) pg. 133〕 where, according to a comrade, he respectably served "Ku Klux" duty〔(''Annual Reunion of the United States Military Academy in 1877'' )〕 while the 7th Cavalry was charged with eradicating the Ku Klux Klan and illegal distilling.〔Duane Schultz, ''Custer: Lessons in Leadership'' (Macmillan, 2010), pg. 146〕〔The Encyclopedia of North American Indian Wars, 1607–1890, (2011) pg. 144〕〔James Michael Martinez, ''Carpetbaggers, Cavalry, and the Ku Klux Klan: Exposing the Invisible Empire'' (Rowman & Littlefield, 2007), 126, 127, 139, 145〕〔Mark S. Weiner, ''Black Trials: Citizenship from the Beginnings of Slavery to the End of Caste'' (Random House, 2007), pg. 198〕
==Early life and education==
James E. Porter was born in Strong, Maine, in 1846 to Jeremy W. Porter, a wood manufacturer and state senator and trustee of the state reform school.〔''A Genealogy of the Descendants of Richard Porter, who Settled at Weymouth, Mass., 1635, and Allied Families: Also, Some Account of the Descendants of John Porter, who Settled at Hingham, Mass., 1635, and Salem (Danvers) Mass., 1644'' (Google eBook), (Burr & Robinson, 1878) pg. 191〕 James Porter attended Bates College (called the Maine State Seminary until 1863) from 1862–1863 and then Norwich University from 1863-1864.〔(Ellis, William Arba, ''Norwich University 1819-1911: Her History, Her Graduates, Her Roll of Honor'', Capital City Press, Montpelier, VT: 1911 )〕 Porter was then was appointed to the United States Military Academy at West Point by U.S. Representative Sidney Perham,〔Edward Payson Weston, ''The Northern Monthly: A Magazine of Original Literature and ...'', Volume 1, September 1864, pg. 490〕 and Porter graduated in 1869, ranked 16th in a class of 39.〔Thom Hatch, The Custer Companion: A Comprehensive Guide to the Life of George Armstrong Custer and the Plains Indian Wars, (Stackpole Books, 2002) pg. 212〕 Porter and the other officers of the 7th Cavalry "in the nineteenth century...often came from cultured backgrounds."〔Jerome A. Greene, ''Stricken Field: The Little Bighorn Since 1876'' (University of Oklahoma Press, Apr 30, 2008), pg. 20-21〕 Most officers in the Seventh Cavalry were educated at "civilian colleges" or the "prestigious Military Academy at West Point" and were part of a "stratified class system existing between commissioned and enlisted status."〔Jerome A. Greene, ''Stricken Field: The Little Bighorn Since 1876'' (University of Oklahoma Press, Apr 30, 2008), pg. 20-21〕
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